Wrist Arthroscopy Overview

Wrist arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows doctors to diagnose and treat a wide range of wrist problems through small incisions using a fiber-optic camera (arthroscope) and specialized instruments. This technique offers more targeted treatment with reduced pain, faster recovery, and smaller scars compared to traditional open surgery.

Expert surgeons perform wrist arthroscopy to relieve pain and restore joint function

What Is Wrist Arthroscopy?

Wrist arthroscopy is performed to examine, diagnose, and treat various conditions affecting the wrist joint. It is commonly used for issues such as chronic wrist pain, ligament or cartilage injuries (like TFCC tears), ganglion cysts, wrist fractures, carpal tunnel syndrome, and unexplained swelling or stiffness.

When Is Wrist Arthroscopy Indicated?

• Diagnosis of persistent, unexplained wrist pain where imaging is inconclusive.

• Treatment of:

  • Ligament and cartilage injuries (e.g., TFCC, scapholunate ligament)

  • Ganglion cyst removal

  • Early arthritis and osteoarthritis

  • Wrist fractures requiring visualization or repair

  • Carpal tunnel release

The Wrist Arthroscopy Procedure: Step by Step

1. Anesthesia: The procedure is usually done under regional anesthesia (numbing the arm), but general anesthesia may sometimes be required.

2. Incisions: The surgeon creates several tiny (about 0.5cm) incisions (portals) around the wrist.

3. Camera Insertion: An arthroscope—a thin tube with a light and camera—is inserted into the wrist joint, transmitting live images to a monitor for precise visualization.

4. Treatment: Specialized tools are inserted through other small incisions to repair or remove damaged tissue, fix ligaments, shave cartilage, or remove loose fragments. Fluid may be introduced to expand the joint for better viewing.

5. Closure: The incisions are closed with stitches or steri-strips, dressed, and the wrist is usually stabilized with a bandage or splint.

Benefits of Wrist Arthroscopy

• Minimally invasive: Smaller incisions and less tissue disruption than open surgery.

• Faster recovery: Leads to a quicker return to everyday activities.

• Less pain and scarring: Patients experience less postoperative discomfort and minimal scarring.

• Greater precision: Enhanced visualization of joint structures means more accurate diagnosis and treatment.

• Lower risk of complications: Reduced chance of infection or nerve damage with experienced surgeons.

Risks and Complications

While complications are rare, wrist arthroscopy does carry some risks:

• Infection

• Nerve or blood vessel injury

• Stiffness or swelling

• Temporary numbness

• Bleeding or bruising

• Failure to resolve symptoms or incomplete healing of repairs

The rate of serious complications is low, particularly in the hands of experienced surgeons.

Minimally invasive wrist surgery typically results in limited scarring and less postoperative pain

Recovery and Aftercare

• Immediate recovery: Most patients go home the same day. You should keep your wrist elevated above your heart for 2–3 days to reduce swelling and pain.

• Splinting: A splint may be required for 1–2 weeks, depending on the procedure performed.

• Pain and swelling: Expect some discomfort, swelling, or bruising for a few days to weeks, which gradually resolves.

• Physical therapy: Gentle wrist and finger exercises are encouraged to restore motion and prevent stiffness.

• Return to activity: Sedentary work is typically possible after 2 weeks. Manual work or sports can resume in 4–6 weeks, depending on the complexity of your case and your surgeon’s advice.

• Full recovery: Usually achieved within several weeks, but may take longer if extensive repairs were done or if you have underlying conditions.

Conclusion

Wrist arthroscopy is a valuable, minimally invasive tool for both diagnosing and treating a broad spectrum of wrist conditions. When performed by a skilled surgeon, it offers effective results with reduced pain, minimized scarring, and a faster return to normal activities. Always consult with your healthcare provider to discuss whether wrist arthroscopy is the best approach for your individual condition and needs.